Ratio and Proportion
A ratio compares two quantities, showing how much of one thing there is compared to another. If a recipe uses ratio 2:1 for flour to sugar, that means 2 parts flour for every 1 part sugar.
Scale factors
A scale factor tells you how much bigger or smaller something is compared to the original. A model built at scale 1:10 means every 1cm on the model represents 10cm in real life.
Sharing in a given ratio
To share £40 in the ratio 3:2, split it into 5 equal parts (3 + 2). Each part is £8, so one share gets £24 (3 × £8) and the other gets £16 (2 × £8).
Practice
Share £30 in the ratio 2:3.